When setting up Kitchen to use OpenStack as the provider instead of Vagrant, I encountered a puzzling authentication issue on creation of the instance. I had my public and private SSH key in ~/.ssh/ and they matched the SSH key stored in OpenStack and referenced in the Kitchen configuration. The creation of instances failed with the following error:
$ kitchen create -----> Starting Kitchen (v1.2.1) -----> Creating <default-ubuntu-1404>... OpenStack instance <88ef6616-04d3-4d0c-a631-8bb0d91a4c63> created. .................... (server ready) Attaching floating IP from <public> pool Attaching floating IP <10.0.1.216> Waiting for 10.0.1.216:22... Waiting for 10.0.1.216:22... Waiting for 10.0.1.216:22... (ssh ready) Using OpenStack keypair <arnes> Using public SSH key <~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub> Using private SSH key <~/.ssh/id_rsa> Adding OpenStack hint for ohai net.ssh.transport.server_version[3fd08462809c] net.ssh.transport.algorithms[3fd0846382bc] net.ssh.authentication.key_manager[3fd08466a064] net.ssh.authentication.session[3fd08466a8d4] >>>>>> ------Exception------- >>>>>> Class: Kitchen::ActionFailed >>>>>> Message: Failed to complete #create action: [Authentication failed for user ubuntu@10.0.1.216] >>>>>> ---------------------- >>>>>> Please see .kitchen/logs/kitchen.log for more details >>>>>> Also try running `kitchen diagnose --all` for configuration
After some debugging and research my focus turned to the contents of the SSH key files. When generating my keys I originally used PuTTYGen on Windows and saved them in OpenSSH format in addition to PuTTY format. It was the OpenSSH-files I had copied to ~/.ssh/. The format of the public key file was:
---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ---- Comment: <Comment> <SSH-key-string> ---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----
I am most used to the one-line format for public keys used in the authorized_keys file, so I changed the contents of the key file to match the following format:
ssh-rsa <SSH-key-string> <Comment>
Luckily, that was enough for Test Kitchen to work as intended:
$ kitchen create -----> Starting Kitchen (v1.2.1) -----> Creating <default-ubuntu-1404>... OpenStack instance <c08688f6-a754-4f43-a365-898a38fc06f8> created. ......................... (server ready) Attaching floating IP from <public> pool Attaching floating IP <10.0.1.243> Waiting for 10.0.1.243:22... Waiting for 10.0.1.243:22... Waiting for 10.0.1.243:22... (ssh ready) Using OpenStack keypair <arnes> Using public SSH key <~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub> Using private SSH key <~/.ssh/id_rsa> Adding OpenStack hint for ohai net.ssh.transport.server_version[3fe8926c1320] net.ssh.transport.algorithms[3fe8926c06b4] net.ssh.connection.session[3fe89270b420] net.ssh.connection.channel[3fe89270b2cc] Finished creating <default-ubuntu-1404> (0m50.68s). -----> Kitchen is finished. (0m52.22s)
Network Technology 